>1、引用型

　　(1) A famous saying goes that... It means that.

　　(2) There is an old saying that... It’s the experience of our forefathers.

　　(3) The good proverb “…” reminds us that...

　　(4) One of the great early writers/scientists said/remarked that..;

　　(5) One of our ancient philosophers said... Chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality.

　　(6) “...” Such is the opinion of... This view has been shared by many people.

　　(7) “...” That’s how someone described...

　　(8) The English proverb says, “...” This is quite true because...

　　(9) As it is known to all,

　　(10) As we all know,

　　(11) As a saying goes,

　　(12) As sb. puts it,

　　(13) It is often said that,

　　(14) As the proverb says,

　　>2、图表说明型

　　(1) From the graph/chart, we know the statistics of... and... It can be easily seen that...

　　(2) The figure of the graph/table shows that...

　　(3) The first graph shows us.... At the same time, the other shows that...

　　(4) According to the two graphs presented, it can be observed that...

　　(5) According to the figure/number/statistics in the table/chart, it can be seen that...

　　(6) The figure indicates/shows/suggests/proves that... There is a rapid development/trend of...

　　(7) As can be seen from/in the table/graph, there was a/an (very) slight/ sharp/rapid increase/decrease/reduction in...

　　(8) As (is) shown in Table 1/Figure 1, there was a gradual/sudden rise/decline in...

　　(9) A close study of the chart shows...

　　(10) From the two graphs it may be inferred that...

　　(11) As the figures indicate that...

　　>3、说明现象、问题型

　　(1) In recent years, … has become...

　　(2) Nowadays, ... plays an important role in our life.

　　(3) Now many people prefer... because it has a significant role in our daily life.

　　(4) Nowadays, we are experiencing...

　　(5) Now the phenomenon/problem of... has aroused great/wide concern in China.

　　(6) In recent years, there is a sudden increase...

　　(7) Currently there is a growing tendency to/in...

　　(8) In recent years, we have to face a problem that...

　　(9) Recently the problem... has been brought into focus/brought to public attention.

　　(10) One of the most serious problems many people talk about/complain is...

　　(11) A virtual epidemic of.. . is now under way in the society/country.

　　(12) ... is yet another of the new and bitter truths we have to face now.

　　(13) Man is now facing with a big problem..., which is becoming more and more serious.

　　(14) With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem...

　　(15) Perhaps most dangerous/harmful for our society/college is the tendency!

　　phenomenon of. . . which, is obvious /evident in..

　　(16) Today, the world is faced with the problem...

　　(17) In recent few years, there is a sharp increase/decline in...

　　(18) In the past few years, a trend of... has been becoming more and more clear.

　　(19) It seems that the whole society is talking about...

　　>4、对立观点型

　　(1) Some people are inclined to... for the following reasons.

　　(2) Some people think that... They claim that...

　　(3) Some people believe that... They point out the fact that...

　　(4) Now it is widely believed that...

　　(5) These days we often hear about...

　　(6) We are often shown that...

　　(7) Some people tend to... while they are asked...

　　(8) When asked about.., some people say that...

　　(9) Nowadays, ... becomes popular in our daily life.

　　(10) . . . is a common occurrence in our lives.

　　(11) When it comes to... some people think...